Titanium and titanium alloys in the car

In recent years, with the development of the automobile industry, the world's automobile production and increasing ownership. China's automobile industry by leaps and bounds in 2009, automobile production and sales of more than 1,300 million, more than the United States and Japan to become the world's automobile production and sales superpower. Car travel convenience to people and also produces fuel consumption, environmental protection and safety of the three problems. Focusing on sustainable development considerations, lower fuel consumption and reduced emissions of pollution is particularly urgent. According to authoritative statistics international motor vehicle fuel consumption by about 60% in vehicle weight. Each car lighten the weight of 10%, emissions can be reduced by 10%, can reduce fuel consumption by 7%. Thus, the automobile weight loss, weight is an effective measure to achieve the above objectives.
Automotive lightweight way to realize there are mainly two: First, optimize the car frame structure; the other is the use of lightweight materials in the automotive manufacturing. Light alloy currently used on automobiles are mainly aluminum, magnesium, titanium alloy sheet and the like.
Titanium applications and features in the car
Titanium is a new structural and functional materials, it has excellent overall performance, density, high specific strength. Density of titanium was 4.51g / cm3, interposed between the aluminum (2.7g / cm3) and iron (7.6g / cm3). Higher than the strength of the titanium alloy aluminum and steel, toughness and steel quite. Titanium and titanium alloy corrosion performance is good, better than stainless steel, particularly resistant to corrosion and micro-oxidizing atmosphere under chloride ion corrosion resistance in the marine atmosphere, a wide operating temperature titanium alloys, titanium alloys at low temperature -253 ℃ but also to maintain good ductility, and heat-resistant alloy operating temperature up to about 550 ℃, its heat resistance was significantly higher than that of aluminum and magnesium alloys. Also has good workability, weldability.
Titanium and titanium alloy Ti excellent performance since the industrial production on various tech industries much attention, along with the titanium industry started in the mid-1950s, titanium into the automotive industry. Into the 1990s, with the worldwide shortage of energy and enhance the awareness of environmental protection, especially in the automotive industry, the US, Japan and Europe and other countries have issued a series of ecological regulations on fuel efficiency, CO2 emissions, vehicle weight, automobile safety, reliability and put forward higher requirements. Many developed countries and the famous car manufacturers are actively developing and increasing investment in automotive research titanium. Provided a powerful impetus for the car with titanium. Entering the new century, China's titanium alloy bar industry has gradually entered the automotive sector.
In the current automotive market, with luxury cars, sports cars and racing demand increases every year, Titanium components also increased year by year. 1990 Global Automotive titanium is only about 50 tons / year in 1997 to 500 tons / year in 2002 to 1100 tons / year in 2009 to 3000 tons / year. Thus, the automotive industry with titanium into the acceleration phase.
Titanium components used in automobiles
The use of titanium in the car two main categories, the first category is used to reduce the quality of internal combustion reciprocating member (for reciprocating internal combustion engine parts in terms of reducing even a few grams of quality are important); the second category is used to reduce the total mass of the car. According to the design and the material properties of titanium on the new generation of vehicles mainly in the engine components and chassis components. In the engine system, can produce titanium alloys valves, valve springs, valve springs and connecting rod bearing and other components; chassis components primarily for springs, exhaust system, axle and fasteners.
According to information, in addition to the above cited focus, there are: Rocker engine parts, suspension springs, piston pin, turbocharger rotor, fasteners, lug nuts, bumper brackets, door broke into the beam, brake caliper piston, the pin bolt, the clutch disc, the pressure plate, the shift button, and so on.

Medical titanium alloy patented technology status and development trend

Medical titanium alloy patented technology status and development trend

 medical titanium plate

Chinese patent application status

There are in Chinese patent database 209 patent application relates to materials and surface modification of medical grade titanium alloy body medical fields, including domestic applicants (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) 188 patent applications, foreign patent applicant patent applications 21. Development trends in the Chinese patent application, the number of applications for domestic applicants accounted for the majority of total applications, and the number of applications showed a rising trend, from 2008 to 2009 financial crisis did not cause the recession enterprises decreased emphasis on intellectual property rights, on the contrary, an increase in the number of applications proved enterprises to improve the degree of importance of intellectual property. China submitted a patent application to foreign companies, mainly from Sweden, the United States and Germany and other countries, of which 3% of the total filings in Sweden, 2% of the total US filings, relatively few applications in other countries. Foreign applicants have not carried out a medical patent portfolio in the field of China's titanium, domestic applicants should seize the opportunity to increase research and development in the field of medical titanium alloy, and make patent portfolio.

Global patent application status quo

A total of 1362 relates to the field of surface modification of medical materials and bulk titanium patent applications in European patent database. Medical Titanium appeared earlier patent applications, but the number of applications of slow growth, and in 1993, 2003, 2007 to 2009 peak emerged. The reason is mainly due to new technology at different stages of development will encounter bottlenecks in the development, to solve the bottleneck problem in the number of patent applications will surge. Overall, the number of patent applications increasing medical titanium alloy, titanium medical research institutions in the field of investment is also increasing. States have submitted a patent application in the field of medical titanium alloy, the number of applications for the top six countries were the United States, Sweden, China, Germany, Japan, Switzerland, but the gap between the former six small, indicating that various countries have research and development are very seriously. Chinese applicants filed patent applications accounted for 15% of total patent applications, ranked No. 3, and No. 1 in the United States and Sweden or less, indicating that China rapid development momentum in the field of medical titanium. Due to the presence of biocompatible titanium medical, biological activity, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, mechanical properties and other characteristics in practical applications, in order to improve the performance of the above medical titanium alloy, mainly from the material body of technical means to begin to develop excellent properties of the new titanium; starting from the surface of the material, the use of various surface treatment methods for surface modification of titanium alloy, making it more suitable for medical applications.

Growth in the fast lane into the car with titanium

Titanium is a new structural and functional materials, it has excellent overall performance, density, high specific strength. Higher than the strength of the titanium alloy aluminum and steel, toughness and steel quite. Titanium and titanium alloy corrosion performance is good, better than stainless steel, particularly resistant to corrosion and micro-oxidizing atmosphere under chloride ion corrosion resistance in the marine atmosphere, a wide operating temperature titanium alloys, grade 2 titanium alloys at low temperature -253 ℃ but also to maintain good plasticity, and heat-resistant alloy operating temperature up to about 550 ℃, its heat resistance was significantly higher than that of aluminum and magnesium alloys, but also has good workability, weldability.
Titanium and titanium alloy Ti excellent performance since the industrial production on various tech industries much attention, along with the titanium industry started in the mid-1950s, titanium into the automotive industry. Into the 1990s, with the worldwide shortage of energy and people's awareness of environmental protection, especially in the automotive industry, the US, Japan and Europe and other countries have issued a series of ecological regulations, fuel rate, carbon dioxide emissions, vehicle weight, automobile safety, reliability and put forward higher requirements. Many developed countries and the famous car manufacturers are actively developing and increasing the use of Ti in terms of automotive investment, provided a powerful impetus for the car with titanium.
In the current automotive market, with luxury cars, sports cars and racing demand increases every year, Titanium components also increased year by year. 1990 Global Automotive titanium tubing is only about 50 tons / year in 1997 to 500 tons / year in 2002 to 1100 tons / year in 2009 to 3000 tons / year, next year will also maintain double-digit growth Thus, the automotive industry with titanium into accelerated growth phase.

Titanium applications in our military aircraft engines

With WP-13 series engines did not count stereotypes, engine production jump yields also increased, to 1990 WP a J3 series engine with titanium has more than lOGt, titanium alloy sheet plant in the company amounted to eliminate the sale of more than 18 million yuan. Therefore, WP-13 series engines bulk titanium for our dirty air engine has accumulated flying experience, and promote China's aviation titanium.
Aerospace from the early 1970s on the aeroengine conducted pre-research work Titanium application, after 16 years of hard work to make TCl, TC2A, TC4, TCS, TC11, TA6, TA7, ZT4, ZT3 total of nine brands the elimination of the alloy used WP-7B (BM), the WP-13 and four modified engines, so that our aviation engine into the production phase of titanium and has effect subject to a variety of night flight test.
To meet the needs Jian Qi an M-type aircraft, for WP-7B engine improvements designed to ensure that the aircraft balance, resulting in the afterburner section, weight 17kg. In addition to weight reduction measures taken by the structure did not count, but also the use of grade 1 titanium sheet and titanium alloys replace some stainless knot 抅 titanium, which is an important means to reduce the weight of the engine. Therefore, in the WP-tBcbm engine afterburner parts department with a total of 22 four grades of titanium, titanium single quota for 59.47kg.
The launch ridiculed in 1982 by the Ministry of Aviation Industry technical appraisal and loquat into mass production, some of which were exported. As of 1990, the total production of the engine hundreds, titanium has more than 30t, with sales of 5.4 million yuan titanium plant. Volume applications of titanium alloys for aircraft engine company exports worth more than $ two 丨 B. It is worth noting that the actuator cylinder engine afterburner ashamed TC6 alloy by using isothermal forging of thin-walled hollow forgings, is the earliest use of aero engine isothermal forging of large bearing parts for our titanium alloys in aircraft engines application accumulated practical experience. The machine has developed five types of engines, using nine grades of titanium seamless pipe, titanium alloys used in China is currently the most burning aircraft. From the use of titanium level analysis, TCll (BT9), ZT3 is heat resistant alloy 500 long-term use of it, up to the international level in the early 1980s. From the engine with titanium content 'points off, Titanium Pan zero weight of the total weight accounted for 14% of the engine, the engine is a single titanium quotas were 855kg and 1055kg, is China's current production of aviation engines loquat amount up to the amount of titanium models .

CASIC titanium tube bending mold development Breakthrough

     May 13 from the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Second Hospital informed that the hospital's 699 factory independently developed titanium tube bending mold tryout before success, marking the plant of large diameter, thin-walled titanium tube bending mold breakthrough research. CNMn. The study was to fill the gaps in the development of high-precision bending mold.
CNMn.
     According to reports, the proposed design requirements by NPU large diameter thin-walled titanium tube bending mold, are set heating, water cooling, heat in one of the bending mold. CNMn. Due to operating temperature, materials, cooling and temperature transfer, etc., prone to wrinkling, cracking and other defects, there is no domestic manufacturers can do this kind of mold design and processing. CNMn. 699 plant to take a variety of processing, cooling, fully consider the impact of the process of bending mold thermal expansion and contraction of the mold, and ultimately succeeded in developing such a large-diameter thin-walled titanium flat bar tube bending mold. CNMn. Allegedly, this technology represents the highest level of domestic bending technology.
     699 Factory is one of the earliest manufacturers involved bending die, a set design, processing of mature technologies, design and manufacture a variety of over-bender die abroad, mainly used in aviation, aerospace, motorcycle and automobile exhaust, pipe bending hydraulic system.

Titanium History

Concept definition: titanium-based alloy is added to other elements of the alloy known as titanium. Titanium has a low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, good process performance, etc., is an ideal material for aerospace engineering structures.
Scope of the study: the structure of titanium and titanium alloys can be divided into heat resistant titanium, titanium alloy or α, β-type titanium alloys and α + β type titanium alloy. Scope of the study also includes forming technology of titanium alloys, powder metallurgy technology, rapid solidification technology, titanium and other military and civilian.

(A) the development process
In the early 1950s - early 1970s
Demand for power: To meet the needs of the aviation industry for materials, titanium and attention to the development of technology based primarily on metallurgy and technology.
Main features: This phase is characterized by the gradual shift from exploration and research applications of the material. The main materials are Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, mainly for aircraft engines, space pressure vessel, such as the engine casing.
Typical results and products: Typical materials: Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn

70 years to 90 years
Demand for power: to expand the application fields of titanium welding wire, titanium industry has been developing rapidly, new technology and new technology to promote the development of titanium forming process.
Main features: This stage is characterized by: (1) titanium increasing amount of applications in the aerospace industry and in other industries such as marine engineering, chemical, electric power, metallurgy, medical, and other applications are increasing, becoming the third metal. (2) new titanium continue to come out, such as high-strength titanium alloys, heat-resistant titanium alloy. (3) the use of new technology such as super plastic forming, rapid solidification technology and isothermal forging. (4) To expand the application emphasis on reducing costs.
Typical results and products: Typical materials: Ti-1100, Ti-1023, IMI834, Timetal62S, SP-700, etc.
(B) the current level and development trend
Titanium is used widely in the aerospace industry of a metal material, use can be divided into structural titanium and high temperature titanium alloy (use temperature> 400 ℃).
Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V to representatives, the alloy has been widely used on aircraft, missiles, and by the time the main load-bearing structural components turn structure. To accommodate the higher strength and toughness requirements (such as strength increased to 1275 ~ 1373MPa, strength increased to 29 ~ 33, the elastic modulus increased to 196GPa), developed in recent years, many new titanium alloy, such as the United States, Ti-15V-3Cr -3Sn-3Al; Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr (β-C), Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2Mo-0.23Si, Ti-4.5Al-1.5Cr; British Ti-4Al -4Mo-2Sn-0.5Si (IMI500), Japan SPF00, CR800, SP700 and the former Soviet Union and other BT22. Where Ti-15-333 casting and β-C can be replaced precipitation hardening stainless steel and nickel-based alloys, Ti-6-22-22 in the United States Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) prototype F-22A in the accounts for 22% (by weight) . Japan's SP700 (Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Mo-2Fe), only high strength, and superplasticity at up to 755 ℃, elongation up to 2000%, good formability, low cost, can replace Ti-6Al-4V has been used in aerospace components.
High temperature titanium alloy made some progress in recent years in the field, the United States and Britain dominate. But the two methods used to develop and focus is different. The United Kingdom is the α-phase solid solution strengthening the necessary means for improving the creep strength without β phase coexistence approach, focusing on the study of nearly α type alloys, namely the development in order to improve the creep strength based Ti-4Al-2Sn- 4Mo-0.5Si (using temperature 400 ℃), Ti-11Sn-2.25Al-5Zr-1Mo-0.2Si (IMI679, use temperature 450 ℃), Ti-6Al-5Zr-0.5Mo-0.25Si (IMI685) alloys and to improve the fatigue strength based Ti-5.5Al-3.5Sn-3Zr-1Nb-0.3Mo-0.3Si (IMI829) and Ti-5.5Al-4.5Sn-4Zr-0.4Mo-0.8Nb-0.4Si (IMI834).
The United States is used to improve the fatigue strength at the expense of the creep strength of the method, focusing on high molybdenum content of the alloy studied, such as Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo (6242, operating temperature 470 ℃), 6242S (using temperature 500 ℃) alloys. Subsequently, the research and development of the Ti-6Al-2.7Sn-4Zr-0.4Mo-0.45Si alloy (Ti-1100), which uses the temperature increased to 600 ℃.
Recently, the US has developed a Timetal21S (Ti-15Mo-2.7Nb-3Al-0.2Si) (also known as β21S), the use of temperature 704 ℃, the catheter can be used in the manufacture of high temperature and pressure pipes, are preferable for the US National Space Plane (NASP) metal matrix composite body with the matrix material. Currently, these new high-temperature titanium alloys are not yet entered the practical stage.
At present, high-strength titanium alloy superplastic forming technology has developed rapidly, the trend is forming isothermal forging pressure and vacuum forming.
The United States in the development and application of titanium wire manufacturers alloy, has been in the lead, according to statistics in the US aviation industry, titanium consumption ratio of 70%, the United States in terms of forming titanium alloy, the main use of isothermal forging superplastic conditions and sheet metal forming. To reduce costs, expand the application, the United States launched a new alloy grades, such as Timetal62S (Ti-6Al-2Fe-0.1Si), vanadium and iron in the cost of generation is better than Ti-6Al-V, and the performance is comparable.
Titanium industry over the former Soviet Union has 35 years of history, its development process smooth, no big ups and downs. Production of a large number of the Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn similar series of high-temperature high-strength alloy and alloy, and studied the special corrosion resistant alloys, such as 4200,4210,4207 and so on, in the aerospace industry, the former widely used in the Soviet Union under atmospheric pressure conditions Pedal Titanium Axle superplastic forming process.
Britain in research and application of heat resistant titanium alloys with the United States each aspect advantage, but its emphasis on research in recent α type alloys, namely to increase the creep strength and vigorously develop focused alloys such as Ti-4Al-2Sn-4Mo-0.5Si , Ti-11Sn-2.25Al-5Zr-1Mo-0.2Si (IMI879), Ti-6Al-5Zr-0.5Mo-0.25Si (IMI685), among IMI685 has been widely used in Europe.
In recent years, the Japanese in the study of titanium has also made great progress, such as to reduce the cost of developing the SP-700 (Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Mo-2Fe) alloy, forming properties of the alloy than Ti-6Al -4V. Japan's low strain rate superplasticity vacuum forming process.

Titanium and titanium alloy material is one of the most promising metal in the 21st century's

Titanium is a refractory metal of a light metal, a density of 4.5 g / cm3, 57% only of iron. Strength titanium alloy with high strength comparable to steel, but also has good heat resistance and low temperature performance, long-term work at certain alloy between 450 ℃ ~ 550 ℃ and minus 250 ℃. Titanium has good salt tolerance classes, the ability to seawater and nitric acid corrosion, Ti-30M alloy is resistant to high concentrations of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid corrosion. These advantages of titanium, titanium deserved to be called a "space" metal, "Ocean" and the following metal steel, aluminum metal after the third and so on.

Titanium is very versatile, as the "space" of metal, titanium standard parts is used as aircraft, rocket engine materials, structural materials, such as skin and various pipe joints. A Boeing 747 aircraft with 42.7 tons of titanium, titanium 57 t 777, 777ER aircraft titanium even up to 68 tons, F-15 fighter jets also up 24.5 tons of titanium. The United States in the 21st century superiority fighter F-22 is the only large-scale use of titanium ensures excellent its various properties.

As a "sea" of metal, titanium is currently able to mass-produced, the lowest price, and almost entirely free from metal sea erosion. Extensive use of the former Soviet nuclear submarine manufacturing titanium shell, the 3680-ton Alpha submarines, each ship 560 tons of titanium, medical titanium alloy Typhoon-class missile submarines 9000 tons. After using these submarines Titanium has a non-magnetic, dive deep (up to 900 m), fast speed, low noise and less maintenance times and so on. Titanium is also used extensively for offshore oil open using pipelines, nuclear power plants and fire station in the condenser. In the 21st century, the development of new marine industry, titanium spring wire is bound to play a major role in safeguarding.

Titanium used in the petrochemical industry, but has a pivotal role. Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used to produce acetaldehyde production process and the heat exchange reactor, the urea synthesis column production, wet chlorine gas cooler, chlor-alkali and chlorate electrolysis electrode, the production of ammonia soda ash cooling towers, nitrate Production of heat exchangers, reactors and distillation column. Titanium and its alloys in these areas are irreplaceable.
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Titanium wire

Titanium titanium wire deposit before storing nuclear waste in the role, you should first introduce high-level waste packaging system.titanium foil for sale Such systems can be summarized as a deep, at the bottom or depot level roadway tunnel in this deep, Ann stood a tank long 3m, 0.6m diameter of about 0.3 is equipped with a high-level radioactive waste metal cans. These tunnels below ground at 600 a 1000m.

First,seamless titanium tube the role should be clearly packaged as part of the waste cans and packaging waste layer.

Low titanium wire due to corrosion and high temperature corrosion and pitting of performance gaps, and therefore accounted for advantage in the selection of the outer layer of packaging material. Analysis showed that, compared with the relatively inexpensive iron-based alloys and nickel-based alloys, by unit volume weight, titanium wire as the outer packaging material aid cost-effective.

Application of titanium in the chemical industry

Titanium used in petroleum, chemical and other sectors

Petrochemical reactors, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, separators, piping, distillation tower condenser lining and so on.
Chemical industry distillation columns, reactors, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, filters, measuring instruments, turbine blades, pumps, valves, pipes, chlor-alkali production electrodes, synthetic lining tower, other acid-resistant equipment lining.
Paper Industry blender, bleaching tower, heating bath, the reaction tower piping.
Bleacher continuous textile industry, a distillation column, the reaction vessel, a condenser, heat exchange tubes, centrifuge, spinneret, valves, pumps.
Metallurgical Industry steel getter alloy additives, superconducting alloy material, electrolytic high purity metal (e.g., sodium, nickel, cobalt) of the cathode plate and the plating bath and the like.
Desalination and power plant heat exchangers, condensers, water heaters, pipes, other contact with seawater equipment.
Naval vessels housing industry, decks, valves, wing, propeller boats, drive shaft, the steam engine, the deep submarine pressure tanks, development of marine equipment.
Other titanium industrial bar ultrahigh vacuum pumps, medical and orthopedic instruments, artificial joints, pharmaceutical and food industry equipment.
Second, the titanium in the aviation industry application specific strength of titanium and its alloys (important than strength) is high in the metal structure of the material, its strength steel equivalent, but its importance is only 57% of the steel. In addition, the heat resistance of titanium and its alloys are strong, in the atmosphere of 500 ℃ can still maintain good strength and stability, but also short-term operating temperature even higher. The aluminum 150 ℃, stainless steel at 310 ℃ to lose their mechanical properties. When the aircraft missiles, rocket-speed flight, the engine and the surface temperature is very high, aluminum was not competent, the application of titanium alloy is very appropriate. It is because when the titanium and its alloys have high strength, light weight, heat and strong overall excellent performance, aircraft used instead of other metals in it, not only to extend the service life of the aircraft, but also can reduce their weight, thus greatly improve its flight performance. Therefore, titanium is one of the aviation industry and the aerospace industry's most promising structural materials. Titanium and its alloys. Mach 2 aircraft that its engine with titanium increased, but also part of the body needs titanium. Greater than Mach 3.5 aircraft, the engine inlet temperature is very high, it is not a high impact strength, can withstand high pressure, anti-vibration. Therefore, titanium round bar and its alloys in rockets, missiles and spacecraft only for the manufacture of the engine casing and structural components, and for the manufacture of pressure vessels, such as high-pressure gas cylinders, cryogenic liquid fuel tanks. In addition, titanium and its alloys in nuclear reactors and weapons have military applications.